Zaɓin eriyar da ta dace don aikin IoT ɗinku na iya zama kamar aiki mai rikitarwa idan ba ku da masaniya game da abubuwan da za ku yi la'akari da su da kuma yadda waɗannan ke tasiri aiki da haɗin na'urorin. Daga nau'ikan eriya zuwa mitoci masu aiki, akwai masu canji da yawa don tantancewa. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana muku a sarari dalla-dalla yadda za a yi mafi kyau yanke shawara da abin da fasaha al'amurran da suka fi dacewa dangane da takamaiman aikace-aikace.
Haɗin kai a cikin ayyukan IoT yana da mahimmanci tunda zaɓi daidai zai iya bambanta tsakanin nasara da gazawar tsarin. Antennas suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin wannan tsari ta kasancewa da alhakin watsawa da karɓar sigina mara waya. Tare da wannan a zuciya, a ƙasa za mu rushe duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani don zaɓar mafi kyawun eriya don buƙatun ku.
Muhimman abubuwan da za a yi la'akari
Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za a yi la'akari yayin zabar eriya don aikin IoT. Da ke ƙasa, za mu bincika mafi mahimmanci kuma dalla-dalla yadda suke shafar aikin gabaɗaya na tsarin.
Mitar aiki
Mitar aiki Yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙayyadaddun abubuwa a zabar eriya. Wannan mitar tana bayyana kewayon da eriya zata iya aiki da kyau. Gabaɗaya, mitoci mafi girma yana nuna ƙaramar girman eriya, amma kuma ƙananan ƙarfin shigar da kewayo. Misali, rukunin 2,4 GHz yana da kyakkyawan ɗaukar hoto na cikin gida, yayin da mitoci masu girma kamar 5 GHz ke da kyau don saurin watsawa, kodayake tare da gajeriyar kewayo.
Sami da kai tsaye
Ribar Yana auna ikon eriya don mayar da hankali kan kuzarinsa a takamaiman hanya, kuma ana bayyana shi a cikin decibels (dB). Wannan yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da kai tsaye, wanda ke ƙayyade kusurwar da eriya ke haskakawa ko karɓar sakonni. Eriya na gaba-gaba suna rarraba makamashi daidai gwargwado a duk kwatance a kwance, yayin da eriya ta kai tsaye ke mayar da hankali kan makamashi zuwa cikin kunkuntar katako, manufa don aikace-aikace-zuwa-aya.
Nau'in eriya da muhalli
Zabi tsakanin eriya na ciki ko na waje Zai dogara ne akan yanayi da bukatun jiki na aikin. Eriya na ciki suna da hankali kuma sun dace da ƙananan na'urori, yayin da na waje an tsara su don ƙarfi da aiki. Misali, eriya ta fiberglass sun dace don waje godiya saboda juriyar yanayin yanayi mara kyau, kamar haskoki UV da lalata.
Daga cikin mafi yawan nau'o'in sune:
- Entenan bazara: Ana amfani da su a cikin ƙananan nodes.
- Eriya na gaba ɗaya: Don ɗaukar hoto gabaɗaya a aikace-aikacen IoT.
- Eriya na jagora: Mafi dacewa don sadarwar batu-zuwa.
- PCB ko eriyar FPC: Haɗe kai tsaye cikin ƙananan na'urori.
Ƙarin abubuwan fasaha
Baya ga abubuwan da aka ambata, akwai wasu abubuwan fasaha waɗanda bai kamata a yi watsi da su ba:
- Rarrabawa: Yana ƙayyade yanayin filin lantarki na siginar. Don ingantaccen aiki, eriya mai watsawa da karɓa yakamata su raba polarization iri ɗaya.
- Impedance: Yawancin eriya suna aiki tare da ma'auni na 50 Ω don rage asarar sigina.
- Yanayin muhalli: Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da yanayin shigarwa kuma zaɓi eriya waɗanda zasu iya jure matsanancin yanayin zafi, zafi ko tasirin jiki.
Yi amfani da lokuta da misalai masu amfani
Dangane da nau'in aikace-aikacen, buƙatun na iya bambanta sosai:
1. Ƙofar LoRaWAN: Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar tsawaita ɗaukar hoto, kamar aikin gona mai wayo, ana ba da shawarar eriya ta fiberglass mai girma. Waɗannan eriya sun dace don waje kuma suna ba da ɗaukar hoto a kan manyan wurare.
2. Na'urorin masu amfani: Maganganun gida mai wayo yawanci suna amfani da eriya na ciki ko mannewa, waɗanda ke haɗa kyakkyawan aiki tare da ƙaramin ƙira.
3. Muhallin masana'antu: Dole ne eriya su kasance masu ƙarfi sosai tare da fasali kamar kariya ta IP67, don tsayayya da ƙura da ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, buƙatun sadarwa sau da yawa sun haɗa da fasahar MIMO don sarrafa haɗin kai da yawa a lokaci guda.
4. Motocin da aka haɗa: A cikin aikace-aikacen wayar hannu, kamar tashoshin cajin lantarki ko bin diddigin jiragen ruwa, eriya masu tarin yawa suna da mahimmanci. Waɗannan suna ba da garantin ingantaccen haɗin kai a cikin salon salula, Wi-Fi da cibiyoyin sadarwar GPS.
Eriya masu yawa don ingantaccen aiki
Babban bayani akan kasuwa shine eriyar TE VersAnte, wanda aka tsara musamman don aikace-aikacen IoT waɗanda ke buƙatar rufe ka'idodin cibiyar sadarwa da yawa. Waɗannan eriya ba ƙanƙanta ba ne kawai, amma kuma suna ba da juriya ga mahalli masu tsauri kuma suna da kyau don haɗawa cikin na'urorin IoT masu ƙarancin sarari. Godiya ga zane mai zaman kansa na jirgin sama, ana iya shigar da waɗannan eriya akan saman ƙarfe ko mara ƙarfe ba tare da shafar aikinsu ba.
Ta zabar eriya iri-iri, kamar na dangin VersAnte, zaku iya ba da garantin ɗaukar hoto a ciki da waje, haɓaka albarkatu da rage rikitaccen haɗin kai a cikin ayyuka daban-daban.
Zaɓin eriyar da ta dace muhimmin mataki ne don tabbatar da nasarar aikin IoT ɗin ku. Yin la'akari da abubuwa kamar mita, riba, nau'in hawan hawa, da yanayin muhalli yana da mahimmanci don yanke shawara da aka sani. Bugu da ƙari, zaɓin eriya masu dacewa da abin dogaro na iya yin kowane bambanci a aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci. Ɗaukar lokaci don kimanta kowane bangare zai tabbatar da kyakkyawan aiki da haɗin kai mara kyau a kowane yanayi.